Breakdown of scale invariance in a quasi-two-dimensional Bose gas due to the presence of the third dimension

In this Rapid Communication, we describe how the presence of the third dimension may break the scale invariance in a two-dimensional Bose gas in a pancake-shaped trap. From the two-dimensional perspective, the possibility of a weak spilling of the atomic density beyond the ground-state of the confinement alters the two-dimensional chemical potential; in turn, this correction no longer supports scale invariance. We compare experimental data with numerical and analytic perturbative results and find a good agreement.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, published in PRA Rapid Com

Imaging the collective excitations of an ultracold gas using statistical correlations

Advanced data analysis techniques have proved to be crucial for extracting information from noisy images. Here we show that principal component analysis can be successfully applied to ultracold gases to unveil their collective excitations. By analyzing the correlations in a series of images we are able to identify the collective modes which are excited, determine their population, image their eigenfunction, and measure their frequency. Our method allows to discriminate the relevant modes from other noise components and is robust with respect to the data sampling procedure. It can be extended to other dynamical systems including cavity polariton quantum gases or trapped ions.Comment: See also the supplementary material and the video abstrac

Experimental investigation of amplitude and phase quantum correlations in a type II OPO above threshold: from the non-degenerate to the degenerate operation

We describe a very stable type II optical parametric oscillator operated above threshold which provides 9.7 $\pm$ 0.5 dB (89%) of quantum noise reduction on the intensity difference of the signal and idler modes. We also report the first experimental study by homodyne detection of the generated bright two-mode state in the case of frequency degenerate operation obtained by introducing a birefringent plate inside the optical cavity

Probing superfluidity in a quasi two-dimensional Bose gas through its local dynamics

We report direct evidence of superfluidity in a quasi two-dimensional Bose gas by observing its dynamical response to a collective excitation. Relying on a novel local correlation analysis, we are able to probe inhomogeneous clouds and reveal their local dynamics. We identify in this way the superfluid and thermal phases inside the gas and locate the boundary at which the Berezinskii--Kosterlitz--Thouless crossover occurs. This new analysis also allows to evidence the coupling of the two fluids which induces at finite temperatures damping rates larger than the usual Landau damping

Experimental evidence of spontaneous symmetry breaking in intracavity type-II second harmonic generation with triple resonance

We describe an experiment showing a spontaneous symmetry breaking phenomenon between the intensities of the ordinary and extraordinary components of the fundamental field in intracavity type-II harmonic generation. It is based on a triply resonant dual cavity containing a type II phase matched $\chi^{(2)}$ crystal pumped at the fundamental frequency $\omega_0$. The pump beam generates in the cavity a second harmonic mode at frequency $2\omega_0$ which acts as a pump for frequency degenerate type II parametric down conversion. Under operating conditions which are precisely symmetric with respect to the ordinary and extraordinary components of the fundamental wave, we have observed a breaking of the symmetry on the intensities of these two waves in agreement with the theoretical predictions.Comment: submitte

Source laser intense pour le refroidissement du 87Rb par doublement de fréquence d'un laser fibré télécom

to appear in EPJ-ST; COLOQ11 ProceedingsWe built a frequency-doubled laser for 87Rb laser cooling, from a Telecom fiber laser. Thanks to intense technological development, telecom fiber lasers exhibit outstanding properties regarding relative intensity noise and modulation bandwidth. The enhanced doubling efficiency of periodically poled crystals allowed to obtain up to 1.8 W at 780 nm from 10 W at 1560 nm, with a simple pass configuration in a 50-mm long crystal of ppLN:MgO. This technique can also be applied at the wavelength of potassium (767 nm) (Bourdel, 2009) and could be of great interest for the realization of dipole traps

Influence of the Radio-Frequency source properties on RF-based atom traps

We discuss the quality required for the RF source used to trap neutral atoms in RF-dressed potentials. We illustrate this discussion with experimental results obtained on a Bose-Einstein condensation experiment with different RF sources.Comment: 5 figures, 7 page

Effets de polarisation dans les mélanges paramétriques à trois ondes en cavité : applications au traitement classique et quantique de l'information

We study in detail polarization effects in intracavity three-wave mixing. We first focus on a theoretical study of a type II Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) in which we put a birefringent plate. In a type II crystal, signal and idler are orthogonally polarized and we show that the plate-induced coupling creates a locking zone where the OPO operates at frequency degeneracy. After a further development of the classical properties of the system we study the quantum entanglement of the twin beams and connect the results with various quantum information criteria. We also study, both experimentally and theoretically, an all-optical regeneration scheme based on type II parametric cascading with dual-cavity and examine the feasability of this system in the telecom range.Nous étudions en détail les effets de polarisation dans les mélanges paramétriques à trois ondes en cavité. Nous nous intéressons tout d'abord à l'étude théorique de l'Oscillateur Paramétrique Optique (OPO) de type II dans lequel nous insérons une lame biréfringente. En type II signal et complémentaire sont polarisés orthogonalement et nous montrons que le couplage induit par la lame créée une zone d'accrochage où l'OPO fonctionne à dégénérescence de fréquence. Après avoir caractérisé de manière approfondie les propriétés classiques de ce système, nous étudions l'intrication quantique des faisceaux jumeaux et relions les résultats obtenus à différents critères d'information quantique. Nous faisons également l'étude expérimentale et théorique d'un système de régénération tout-optique basé sur la génération vectorielle de seconde harmonique à reconversion paramétrique de type II avec une double cavité et étudions la faisabilité d'un tel système dans des conditions télécom

Effets de polarisation dans les mélanges paramétriques à trois ondes en cavité (applications au traitement classique et quantique de l'information)

PARIS-BIUSJ-Thèses (751052125) / SudocPARIS-BIUSJ-Physique recherche (751052113) / SudocSudocFranceF